Life Story of Sultan Hanfare Alimirah

 

#The Life Story of Ambassador Sultan Hanfari Alimirah


Ambassador Sultan Hanfar Alimirah was born in 1942 in Hinale Kebele, Asaita Woreda, Afar Region. As a child, he arrived in Asaita Arabia (now Mohammed Hanfarre High School and attended grades one through four.
He then attended 5th to 6th grade in Asmara, Eritrea.
After graduating, he went to various schools in Addis Ababa (Menelik, Tefari Mokonen, Kotebe) and high school in Egypt in 1960. He took a matriculation and went to Cairo University to pursue higher education. Similarly, in 1964, he moved to the United States and graduated from the American University of Washington, DC, with a degree in political science.

Sultan Hanfar has served in various capacities since childhood. In particular, he served as the head of the Asaita Woreda Administration, the Asaita City Cantiba, and the Asaita Agriculture Bureau.
Since 1961, he has turned his attention to politics and fought for the representation of the Afar people in the central government. He had good relations with Emperor Haile Selassie and many other leaders and conducted their own political activities at the palace. For a short time, he met with President Mengistu Hailemariam for eight consecutive months. Later, their allies, led by Sultan Hanfar, marched to Saudi Arabia to fight the Derg.

They have lived in exile for 17 years and have struggled. Sultan Hanfar Alimirah, one of the negotiators on behalf of the Afar National Liberation Front (ALF), was one of the negotiators during the May 13, 1983, negotiations between the Derg and the opposition in London.
He served as a member of the Federal Parliament, and in the 1987 election he became the President of the Afar National Regional State. He was instrumental in organizing the region and later served as Ethiopia's ambassador to Kuwait from 2000-2006, providing electricity to Afar and similar regions. In particular, the Afar Movement and the Afar Liberation Front (ALF), along with its friends, formed an organization that included two Afar youths in the struggle for self-government, with the support of the Eritrean Afar Youth in Djibouti, both financially, intellectually, financially, intellectually and intellectually. He is one of the leading heroes of the successful Afar people's struggle for the present generation of Afar.

Sultan Hanfar did not bow down to them, they did not bow down to oppression, they did not take advantage of them. He was a hero known for his personality and bravery throughout the Afar people, who did not like gossip and lies. Dr. Abiy was one of the citizens who came home peacefully the day after the election, when he argued about Afar's second foreign exile in protest of the TPLF's involvement in Afar politics during the TPLF regime. He was a veteran politician who fought against the TPLF and fought until the TPLF left the palace.

He was succeeded by his father, Sultan Alimira, in 2004 as a spiritual and cultural leader of Afar, who served the community until his death.  Sultan Hanfar left behind two sons and five daughters on earth and passed away today at the age of 71. May Allah grant them Paradise. I wish comfort to his family and the people of Afar. By the will of Allah, I will present to you a book of testimonies that I took from his mouth at another time, quoting the testimonies of his comrades and friends. Once again, I wished the Sultan paradise and comfort for his family and our people.

# Alo_Yayo

# September_10 / 2013 Posted
https://www.facebook.com/allo.yayo.5

የአፋር ሱልጣን ሀንፈሬ አሊሚራህ ከዚህ አለም በሞት ተለዩ

የአፋር ሱልጣን ሀንፈሬ አሊሚራህ ከዚህ አለም በሞት ተለዩ

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የአፋር ሱልጣን ሀንፈሬ አሊሚራህ ባደረባቸው ህመም የህክምና ክትትል ሲያደርጉ ቆይተው በ74 ዓመታቸው ከዚህ አለም በሞት ተለዩ። 

ሱልጣን ሀንፈሬ አሊሚራህ ከ2004 ዓ.ም ጀምሮ ህይወታቸው እስካለፈ ድረስ የአፋር ህዝብ ሱልጣን በመሆን አገልግለዋል። 

ሱልጣን ሀንፈሬ የአፋር ብሄራዊ ክልላዊ መንግስት ፕሬዝዳንት በመሆን የመሩ ሲሆን በኩዌት የኢትዮጵያ አምባሳደር በመሆንም ኢትዮጵያን አገልግለዋል። 

የሱልጣን ሀንፈሬ ስርአተ ቀብር ነገ መስከረም 11 ቀን 2013 ዓ.ም  በአይሰኢታ ከተማ በሀደሌ ጌራ የሚፈፀም መሆኑን  የክልሉ ኮሙኒኬሽን ቢሮ ዘግቧል። 

የቪዲዮ መረጃዎቻችንን ለማግኘት ትክክለኛውን የዩቲዩብ ቻናላችንን ሰብስክራይብ ያድርጉ

https://www.youtube.com/c/EBCworld/

ፈጣን መረጃዎችን ለማግኘት ትክክለኛውን የቴሌግራም ቻናላችንን ይቀላቀሉ

https://t.me/EBCNEWSNOW

አብዓላ

 By Ídrís Ķoņńabà

ስለ ፈንቅል አላማው ግድ ባይኖረኝም፤ ነገርግን ለሚያራምዱት የፕሮፓጋንዳና ስለማያውቁት ታሪክ ውስጥ መግባታቸውን እየተዛብኩ ነዉ፥ አብዓላ በየትኛውም ታሪክ የትግራይ አካል ሆና አታውቅም!

ከታሪክ አንፃር ለመናገር ያክል፥ ትግሬዎች "አብዓላን ሽኸት ማለትን እንዴት እንደጀመሩትና አብዓላን መመኘት መቼና እንዴት እንደጀመሩ" እንነጋገር!

አብዓላ እንደ ማንኛውም የአፋር መሬት በጎሳ ባላባት ትተዳደር ነበር! የአፋር አከባቢዎች ከጎረቤት (እንዳርታ፥ ወጂራት) ወረራ ይካሄድበታል፥ አፋር በመሬቱ አይደራደርምና ጠላትን በመመከት አይታማም።

* አፄ ዩሃንስ "ያየኔ ኢትዬጵያ" ንጉስ ነግስት ሆኖ ስሾም፥ አብዓላ "ያኩሚ" (Yaakumi) የሚባል የመላ ሄርቶ ጎሳ (certoh- Affara-af) ባላባት ትተዳደር ነበር! ታዳ የአብዓላ መሬት አቀማመጥ ለወታደራዊ ስልጠና ምቹ መሆኑን የተረዳው አፄ ዩሃንስ "መሬቱን ለስልጠና ሰለሚፈልግ ፍቀድልኝ" ብሎ ወደ ያኩሚ

መልዕክት ላከ! ያኩሚ በበኩሉ "መሬቱ የመላ አፋር እንጅ እኔ ለብቻዬ የሚወስነው የለኝምና አማክራቸው፥ መልስ እሰጠሃለሁ!" አለው!

በዚህ የተናደደው አፄ ዩሃንስ "ማንንም ሳታስቀሩ

ጨፍጭፏቸው።" በማለት ትዕዛዝ አስተላለፈ "ሽኸቱ" በማለት! ትግሬዎች አብዓላን "ሸኸት" ማለት የጀመሩት በዛ የአፄ ዩሃንስ የጭካኔ ትዕዛዝ ነው። ያኩሚ በበኩሉ የንጉሱን ወታደር የሚመካበት የተደራጀ ሃይል ባይኖረውም፥ ለጠላት መንበረከክ ባህሉ አልነበረምና፥ በጀግንነት ተፋለማቸው፥ ከ39 ሺ እስከ 43 ሺ የሚገመት ህዝብ በጦርነቱ ተሰዋ! አላህ ይዘንላቸዉ!

* በደርግ ዘመን አፋሮች በአምስት የተለያዩ ግዛት ስር ተከለሉ፥ ቢሆንም ግን መሬታቸውን ለማንም አሳልፈን አንሰጥም በማለታቸው አካባቢያቸውን በራሳቸው እንድያስተዳደሩ ተደረገ! በተመሳሳይ አብዓላን "ዓባስ አብድላ" ያስተዳድራት ነበር፥ ከሳቸው በኋላም ሀጂ ኢብራህም እስከ ህልፈታቸው አስተዳድሯታል።

~ እንደሚታወቀው በደረግ አገዛዝ ስር የደረሰው ጭቆና በመቃወም ለ17 አመታት መራራ ትግል ስያካሂዱ፥ በአንድ አስተዳደር ስር ቋንቋቸውን፣ ባህላቸውን፥ በአጠቃላይ ማንነታቸው" ማስከበር ነበር። የደርግ አገዛዝ ተገርስሶ ኢህአዴግ ስመጣ ተቀዳሚ አላማው "የብሔር ብሔርሰቦች ጥያቄ" መመለስ በመሆኑ፣ አወቃቀሩ ቋንቋን ብቻ መሰረት ያደረገ ሳይሆን ባህልንም፣ የጋራ ሰነልቦናን ጭምር የሚያካትት ክልላዊ አወቃቀር ነው።

~ እዚ ጋ አንድ መስማማት ያለብን ነገር አለ! እሱም "የአፋር ክልል" ተብሎ አፋር እንደ ክልል ስዋቀር፥ በመጀመሪያ ደረጃ የታገሉለት አላማ መሆኑን ነው። በሁለተኛ ደረጃ የታገሉለት አላማ "ማንነታቸውን ማስከበር" መሆኑን ነው።

አፋር ደግሞ ማንነቱ "አፋሬ (Qafarre)" በሚባል መሰሶ ላይ የተመሰረተ ነው። አፋሬ ማለት "የአፋር" ማለት ስሆን በውስጡ "የአፋረኛ ቋንቋ፣ የአፋር ባህል፣ የአፋር ማድዓ(ህግ) እንድሁም

የአፋር መሬትን" ያካተተ ነው። ስለዚህ ዓፋር እንደ ክልል ስቋቋም እነዚህ አራት መሰረታዊ ነገሮች መነሻ በማድረግ ነው ማለት ነው።

በዚህ መነሻ አፋሮች፣ አፋርኛን እንደ ስራ ቋንቋ፣ ባህልን እንደ መለያ፣ የአፋር ህግን እንደ መዳኛ፣ እንድሁም የአፋር መሬትን እንደ መኖሪያ በመያዝ "የአፋር ክልል" ተብሎ በአምስት ዞኖች

ተዋቀረ ማለት ነው።

ስለዚህ የአፋር መሬት ከአፋር ማንነት ተነጥሎ የማይታይ "የአፋርነት" አንዱ መለያ ነው ማለት ነው።

*በመጨረሻም ኢህአዴግ ገባ፥ ኢህዴግ ስገባ አገሪቷን የተቆጣጠረው ህወሃት ነበር፥ ህወሃት ታዳ መሬቱ የማን እንደሆነና የሚያመጣዉ መዘዝ ስለሚያውቅ ብዙም ከመስመሩ ማለፍ አልፈለገም! ነገር ግን ስለ ታሪክ አይደለም ስለ ራሳቸውን ቤተሰብ ማንነት የማያውቁ የፈንቅል አስተባባሪዎች አብዓላ የትግራይ እንደነበረች አድረገው ይናገራሉ፥ ነገር ግን አንዳች ታሪክ አያቀርቡም አብዓላ የትግራይ እንደነበረች የሚያስመሰክር፥ እናም እላለሁ በመሬት ጉዳይ ድርድር አይታሰብምና በፍቅር አብሮ መኖር ከሆነ የኛ ባህልና እሴታችን ነዉ::

Afar Youth movement

The Xukko Cina ( Dokuhina) Youth Movement Statement on the process of genocide and ethnic cleansing against Afar Ethnicity in Dankalia region, Eritrea

Afar Region, Samra, Ethiopia

On June 1, 2020

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Since 1991, the Eritrean dictatorial sectarian regime has systematically abused, imprisoned and tortured the Eritrean people in general and in additon to that displaced Afar peoples in Dankalia in particular, and Dankalia has been suffering for 29 years between the absence of freedoms and systematic displacement to the gradual implementation of demographic change, and a vivid example when watching Eritrean TV when it broadcasts national events, In Assab and other Afar cities, the demographic change is most evident and appear clearly, in meetings and celebrations, as the traditional ambiguity of the highlanders and Tigrigna Ethnicity hangs over the scene.

However, this time, the repressive sectarian occupational regime in Asmara started to accelerate its criminal plans by legitimizing the genocide, citing precautionary measures of preventing the outbreak of the Corona virus COVID19, although the region did not record any confirmed infection with the Corona virus, and the Eritrean Ministry of Health announced that the country freed of Corona virus infections after the recovery of 39 cases . Whereas, the regime closed the land and sea ports from the region for two months ago and prevented entering any food from the sources of supplies that were from Djibouti and Ethiopia.

The statement of Red Sea Afar Human Rights Organization, stated that the regime closed the land and sea borders without taking any preventive measures and precautionary measures from the repercussions of these. The global crisis make the residents, and citizens of the region under a suffocating siege and a systematic plan that puts their facing an unknown fate that threatens their lives in this isolated and besieged area by the ruling regime in Asmara, the even, before the Corona crisis, the regime was exposing them forcibly to displacement and leave their lands.

Therefore, what was stated in the statement of RSAHRO and the hashtag that engulfs social media sites by Afar activists, Eritreans and their sympathizers from the Sudanese, Ethiopians, Djiboutians and Somalis, indicates the seriousness of the catastrophic humanitarian situation that the Afar people go through and calls for urgent intervention from International community, humanitarian organizations and countries in the region The Eritreans, in their different ethnicity, political organizations, civil society organizations, and the Afar ethnicity from its different nationalities, political organizations, elders, elders, and sultans in three countries.

Consequently, we, Afar youth in Afar Region, Ethiopia, condemn in strong terms the Eritrean criminal and starving measures and appeal to the parties concerned.

First, we call International community to assume its legal and moral responsibility towards genocide occurring in the front of the world’s seeing and hearing that the Afars in Eritrea struggle with death due to the man made starvation and famine by a sectarian regime that seeks to exterminate the Afar race from its land which is the land of its ancestors, and replace another race in its land by practicing all kinds of Crimes, which are war crimes in every sense of the word, and therefore we call on International community, the United Nations, the Security Council, the European Union, the Asian Union, the African Union, and all international organizations to intervene immediately in accordance with international, humanitarian, and human rights law because what happens in Dankalia puts the world in the form of powerlessness in front of the fascist and apartheid racist oppressive. Therefore, the regime that that challenges international community and violates international laws, norms, and covenants must be brought to an end by holding accountable and saving humanity from his crimes. You are facing a historical moral and human legal test.

We appeal to the Sister country United Arab Emirates to exert pressure on the regime and provide aid and food to our people, and we heard at the end of April 2020 AD the head of your forces stationed at the UAE military base in Assab provided (food and health equipment) but unfortunately this gesture was rejected by the head of the Eritrean army and the local administration of the Eritrean government in Assab, knowing that the government earns hundreds of millions of dollars from you in exchange for leasing assab port to you for the military base and strategic port without any benefits or returns to the people of the region and therefore we appeal to Crown Prince His Highness Prince Muhammad bin Zayed to use his influence and provide assistance to our people, and it is the moral and religious responsibility, also, we would like to appeal the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and all Islamic countries to extend a helping hand and move at an International level to save Muslims who are subjected to genocide.

We request the Ethiopian federal government to assume its moral and human responsibilities imposed by the neighborhood, and we call on the Prime Minister, Dr Abiy Ahmed, to invest his distinguished relationship with the Asmara regime and President, Isaias Afwerki, to alleviate the stifling siege imposed on the Afar people, who is our body and our flesh, and to provide immediate food support to avoid a humanitarian catastrophe that will put everyone in front of black history.

We call the Djibouti authorities and Afar officials in the government, officials headed by Honorable Prime Minister Abdoulkader Kamel, to bear their moral and Ethnic responsibilities.  We know that they couldn't practice direct pressure, due to absence of strong diplomatic relationships, but we appeal you to make international diplomatic and media efforts to show what is happening against you as Afar in the other geographical area.

We request the Afar region's Administration , headed by His Excellency President Hajj Awal Araba, bear their customary, political, moral, humanitarian, and national responsibilities, and we call on His Excellency and his government officials for urgent political action and pressure on the federal government and urging the federal government and Honorable Prime Minister to use the distinguished relationship with Asmara regime to stop the regime, which is their ally from Committing a massacre against our brothers, but against us, yes, and in such extraordinary cases, the artificial borders doesn't make sense, therefore, call for work to open the borders and allow food supplies to enter from the Afar region in Ethiopia to the afflicted Dankalia, which is on the edge of a humanitarian catastrophe due to famine starvation, and we note that

great responsibility relies on the Afar region leadership, considering that the region is the only entity that represents the whole of Afar ethnicity, regardless of their geographical presence, and for this we remind the Honorable President of the Region, Hajji Awal Arba, Ethnicity responsibility, even if it is not constitutional responsibility that rely on he and his ministers, and we strongly stress that we with you in all the efforts that you will make, and we call all Afar in general, and youth in particular, to bear the historical responsibility in this critical juncture by leaving different, paving the rows and unifying efforts to focus on efforts to save our people in Dankalia, and it must be taken into account that the Afar ethnicity is going through a very critical and articulate period in an area that anticipated to geopolitical changes that are difficult to predict outcomes, and which requires concerting efforts and prepare for all possibilities.

Finally, we call both Red Sea Afar Democratic Organization, which is fighting the armed struggle, and the Eritrean Afar National Congress, which is fighting the political struggle, to leave your political differences, by setting a national charter uniting your ranks, and exerting maximum efforts by investing your relations with all regional and international organizations to save our people from catastrophe, and systematic genocide.

#SaveDankalia

#SaveDankalia

REPORT FROM ERITREA: sad stories from coastal areas
Every day, I will try to update what is going on currently in Red sea coast of Eritrea. I will name names, including High offical military leaders, security officers and administrators who are sanctioned our people. Daily, I will try to release two reports in English, Arabic and Afar.
-The regime that leased Assab port for millions of dollars in addition to monthly logistical support from UAE, sanctioned the owners and dwellers of the city. 1 bread for 1 one member of family per day. If they find enjera, they are lucky ones.
- The UAE stationed forces in Asseb tried several time to support the local people but the regime refused. In the last 2 month, they tried 2 times but all their meddling to provide assistance failed.
- In the first month of lock down, the PFDJ collaborated with the military battelions to collect some unused food grains from each battelion. They collected less than 100 quantal. There were brigade's who refused to give their share of what the top generals demanded.
- After they collected they handed it to city administration , however as usual it was insufficient . Majority of those who registered did not get the grain. Some of them reported to the city administration what they experienced and how they been humilited but nothing changed.

- PFDJ ration(grain, sugar and sometimes oil) which they sell for 1000(equivalent to 85 dollar) is not distributed for the last 2 month. For those who live in remote areas, mainly Pastoralists they are depend on PFDJ ration and for the last 2 months they didn't receive rations. Till now nobody knows how they are living because many areas have no connection coverage( for the last 27 years)

- In Asseb, out of 6 bakery, only 3 is operating. In massawa, out of 9 only 4 is operating.The main towns; Rahayto, beylul, Berasoli, wade, afambo, eddi, tio, Ghelalu, Bada, Buri pensuila and dahlak, foro Edafalu, Zula and Hirgigo, no bakery exist.
- In massawa and Asseb, they asked the owners of the bakeries to not sell flour(all purpose flour) to the people. The owners of the bakery work on to provide daily bread(Breakfast, lunch and dinner) but the quantity of the flour decreased. The STORES have less flours(all purpose flour) and they are now providing only night time.
- During the 1st weeks of lock down, Fisher men were ordered to sail to massawa to handover the fish they carry. Still now, they didn't receive the price of the fish. Some of the owners of the boats are collapsed and devestated.
- No movement in the sea is allowed. Even to catch small fishes in front of your house is prohibited.


Useful facts About Red Sea Region in Eritrea( Qasa badih caraatih Rakaakay) معلومات مفيده عن اقليم البحرالاحمر في ارتريا.

- Red Sea Regions in Eritrea stretches from Doumier to Sudan border, includes one of the two most strategical ports in Africa, Asseb and Massawa.
- The people that inhabit the region are Afar, Saho,Assaworta, Tigre and Rashida . Afars live in South part of the sea, all the way to coastal plains bordered with Dijbouti. From massawa to Dijbouti border.
While Saho live in Edafalu, faro, Hirgigo and massawa.
While Tigre live in Zula, faro, massawa and all the way to Sudan border. Rashida lives and move from massawa to Sudan border. Also Tigrinya ethnic group in large numbers started to live in massawa and Asseb after independence of Eritrea.

- Majority of the people are maritime traders, Fishermen and half of them are Pastoralists. They rarely plough the land for agriculture activities. But there are enough arable land in Faro, Bada, Ra, saroyta, Rahayto and other areas.
- The region borders with four main countries, Yemen, Ethiopia, Sudan and Dijbouti.
- The regime opened direct war with all the four countries. As a result the people in the region became under military siege for the last 27 years. Locally, they call it Military COMMAND Post.

- After independence, the large area become under direct control of military generals.
- Peoples movement, trading, commerce and fishery activities become under direct attack of the regime who can't understand well the livelihood of the people. Beside controls every sphere of life through Brutal security apparatus.
-
-In the last 27 years, Many innocent life's have been ruined. Boats bombarded, Fishermen swindled and robbed, Subjoagted to prison, extra-judicial killings of the people widely happened.
-In the last 27 years, infrastructures build by government can be counted by numbers. Lack of social service beside no infrastructure and poor administration detoriarated the living conditions of the people.
- All the forces who are responsible for the evil deeds are the so called Eastern command(Samuel Haile(China), the late Wuch, Wadi Afan and others) Navy commanders,(Humad Karikare, Wadi fetwarari, Ahmed Mohammed(wadi Halima and others) and security apparatus under direct control of national Security and president's office.
- Mainly people live on PFDJ ration. Sorghum( 2killo and half - 5 killo for one family member) and sugar (1 and half killo). No other rations are allowed.

- 27 years of embargo on the region forced many people of the region to escape to neighbor countries, Ethiopia, Sudan, Dijbouti and Yemen.
- Statistics indicate half of the native population (more than 1 million) fled the country in the last 27 years of the ruling regime in Asmara.
- Systematical marginalization, deprivation of natural resources, extra-judicial killings, consifacting land and properties, arbitrary arrest, extreme humiliation on their own land are the main reasons behind exodus of the people of the region.
- Government systematically implemented unwarranted policies (land, education, movement of goods and people, maritime trade, border trade, and several others) to marginalize the people of the region.
- Only 35% of the the region have mobile connection.
- dueto climate change , harsh weather and lack of government support drought and famine are dominant natural disasters. Often, is is man- made.
- Fishery and marine resource are under government control. Government impose restrictions on the people while invite foreign companies, and fisher men from other countries to benefit from fishery and marine resource for hard currency. Companies from Philippines, Yemenis, Egyptains, are the main actors who rob people's resources. They work on the sea and pay hard currency for the regime.
- Reports indicate some of the companies are co-owned by Eritrean naval commanders.
- The regime through all the years, emptied the region from the people while took all the resources with out any returns of the owners of the land and the sea.
- several foreign bases have been established in the region with out consultant of the people who own the land. Iranians, Israelis, Qatarians and United Arab emirates are among the forces.
- Currently, UAE established a big naval and air base in Asseb. The regime gain millions of dollars beside logistical support.
- Massawa port have been destroyed for several years. Massawian's rarely get a benefit from the port activity.
- Salt exploration in Asseb closed and all the owners of the salt field been arrested, and Subjoagted to several inhumane acts by government forces.
- In massawa, salt fields are under direct control of the government. Many of the fields distributed to government officials and their relatives.
- Colluli Potash project which still not started is from this region. So far, no local people involvement allowed.

Cakki gorrisa num, xaqamtoh aftot magilagsima.

Gadmaytu

#Gadmaytu

Gadmaytu is initially established as food aid storage and distribution centre during 1970s. Road construction camps were also set up there. Like any other truck-stop sites, the Derg dismantled Gadmaytu in 1974 and 1989.
Similarly the Agazzi special commandos launched operation to crack down contrabandists’ chain in Gadmaytu on 1st March 2008. However, Gadmaytu is today revived and even become one of the most known contraband centers within the country.

Gadmaytu that is recognized as kebele under Amibera Wereda literally means #foxes in Afar language that indicates presence of too many foxes in the past around this area.

Nowadays, recently migrated Issa/Somalis are the predominant inhabitants of the town that renamed as Garabaciise by the Somalis to mean „shoulder of Issa“. In fact from the boundary demarcated during the Imperial era between the Afar and Issa/Somali people, #Erer River, United Somalis penetrated deep in to Afar areas over 137kms in the direction of Gadmaytu(Erer-35 km-Aydora-27km- Asbuli-40km- Mulu Gelalu-35km-Gadmaytu).

As claimed by the Somalis the migration is a pure pastoralists movement in search of water and grass‘. However, its well known that there is no sustainable water points in the surroundings so the settlers are depend entirely on privately owned birkeds (cemented underground water tanks) filled with water used to be brought from Awash Arba ( km away).

Actually it seems the potential contraband trade routes that could attract „pastoralists “who settle permanently in a place where there is no water. Thus the Derg completely destroyed the Gedmaytu contraband center and decided a buffer-zone that obliged Issa/Somalis to stay 30km away before reaching to the east of the main Addis-Assab/Djibouti road.

After the arrival of EPRDF(TPLF) in early 1990s, the Derg‘s buffer-zone decision is breached and any Somalis are allowed to set up their settlements within 6km distance away from the road. Later on as a response to the appeal of Issa/Somali elders to the Prime Minister, as told by informants, they are allowed to construct houses in Gadmaytu where there was no single house till mid 1990s.

Afars who claimed to migrate all the way from coastal areas like #Berbera, #Zayla, #Harar ,#Dire Dawa, #Erer, #Afdem and surroundings seems to have no chance even to co-exist with thier late arrival neighbors in Gadmaytu. It is a recent history for Afars to remind the income they had been generated from Issa/Somali herders for using water of the Waruf River around Obno (Ethio-Djibouti border).


Today Issa/Somali moved from Erer area With support of italians, ziyad barre and djibouti governments and pushed the Afars away and controlled localities like #Gota, #Bike, #karaaba, #Afdam, #Mullu, #Mulhuli, #Mero, #Meiso, surroundings of Asebot Mountain, #Mefaydella, Kaho and reached to Gadmaytu. 

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#Source..Yassin.M. Research.